The IRS provided guidance on the new energy efficient home credit, as amended by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-169). The guidance largely reiterates the statutory requirements for the credit, but it provides some new details regarding definitions, certifications and substantiation.
Definitions
For purposes of the requirement that a home must be acquired from an eligible contractor, a home leased from the contractor for use as a residence is considered acquired from the contractor. However, a home the contractor retains for use as a residence is not acquired from the contractor. A manufactured home may be acquired directly from the contractor, or indirectly from an intermediary that acquired it from the contractor and then sold or leased it to a buyer for use as a residence, or to intervening intermediaries that eventually sold it to a buyer for use as a residence.
For a constructed home, the eligible contractor is the person that built and owned the home and had a basis in it during its construction. For a manufactured home, the eligible contractor is the person that produced the home and owned and had a basis in it during its production.
The United States includes only the states and the District of Columbia.
Certifications
A dwelling unit that is certified under the applicable Energy Star program is considered to meet the program requirements for purposes of the credit. Similarly, a dwelling unit that is certified under the Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) program is deemed to meet the requirements for the credit for a ZERH. The ZERH program in effect for purposes of the credit is the one in effect as of the date identified on the Department of Energy’s ZERH webpage at https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/doe-zero-energy-ready-home-zerh-program-requirements.
The eligible contractor must obtain the appropriate Energy Star or ZERH certification before claiming the credit. The contractor should keep the certification with its tax records, but does not have to file it with the return that claims the credit.
Rules for homes acquired before 2023, under which eligible certifiers could certify a home and contractors could use approved software to calculate a new home’s energy consumption, do not apply to a home acquired after 2022.
Substantiation
To substantiate the credit, the contractor must retain in its tax records, at a minimum, the home’s Energy Star or ZERH certification, including its date; and records sufficient to establish:
- the address of the qualified home and its location in the United States;
- the taxpayer’s status as an eligible contractor;
- the acquisition of the home from the taxpayer for use as a residence, including the name of the person who acquired it; and
- if applicable, proof that the prevailing wage requirements were met.
However, for a manufactured home the contractor sells to a dealer, a safe harbor allows the contractor to rely on a statement by the dealer to establish the date the home was acquired, its location in the United States, and its acquisition for use as a residence. The statement must:
- Specify the date of the retail sale of the manufactured home, state that the dealer delivered it to the purchaser at an address in the United States, and provide that the dealer has no knowledge of any information suggesting that the purchaser will use the manufactured home other than as a residence;
- Provide the name, address and telephone number of the dealer and any intervening intermediaries; and
- Declare, under penalties of perjury, that the dealer statement and any accompanying documents are true, correct and complete.
Effect on Other Documents
Notice 2008-35, 2008-1 CB 647, and Notice 2008-36, 2008-1 CB 650, are obsoleted for qualified homes acquired after December 31, 2022.
